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1980-01-05
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People In Music History
Shostakovich, Dmitry [Dmitrievich] (1906-1975) Russian composer (pupil of
Glazunov); also pianist. At 19, wrote very successful symphony no. 1 (14 others
followed, including no. 7 Leningrad Symphony; no. 13 Babi Yar; no. 14 for
soprano and bass soloists with chamber orchestra). Denounced by Soviet
officialdom for unmelodiousness, freakishness, etc., in 1936 (after his opera
Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District), again denounced, for formalism and other
"faults," in 1948 (after such works as his orchestral Poem of Fatherland). In
each case admitted his "errors" and endeavored to find a style reconciling his
individuality and Soviet offical views on what music should be like. Also
composed other operas; The Golden Age and other ballets; Songs of the Forests
and other cantatas to patriotic Soviet texts; songs and piano pieces (including
3 sets of preludes and fugues); concerto for piano, trumpet, and orchestra; 2
violin concertos; 15 string quartets, piano quintet; film music, etc.
Reorchestrated Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov and made a completion and
orchestration of Mussorgsky's The Kovanschina Affair. His son Maxim (b.1938) is
a pianist and conductor.